I'm sure you can. I've used my 150/3 to sand several pour in place concrete countertops.
I stick with Festool for wood but I'd recommend Klingspor for this kind of grunt work. It's half the price.
I start with 60 and go up as needed depending on the finish. I'm removing trowel marks, exposing aggregate, rounding corners, easing edges and generally smoothing and polishing. Never had a problem with heat build up.