Forget the miters. Re cut them and make a nice perfectly square butt joint. Re-cutting into miters may not get you anything better.
The nice thing about a simple butt joint is you can get is so perfectly tight you may not even see the joint lines.
As it is now all that miter does is draw attention to it.
It appears that is not kiln dried and if it was it was way to wet at the time you cut it. That wood, as great as it is for smaller projects, is prone to seasonal changes for a long miter joint like that. And you being a newb, well that's a tough joint to make furniture quality for the best of us, even with a full shop and 30 years experience. I more than likely would of used a spline if I was dead set on a miter for that.
I am betting you could recut and assemble with butt joints faster than trying to repair that. The main issue is if you can live with the reduced dimensions this will cause.
All these things point to a butt joint as best for this situation. You will get it done much faster and when its all said in done no one will ever miss that little miter line you were going for.
I do have other ideas on how to repair it, but it is a lot of work no matter the method if you need to keep the same dimensions you have now. Cutting the pointed edge off flat lengthwise across the joint and gluing on a new corner is one method, And doing that would mean there would not be any joint to open up as the 90° angle corner would be the corner of a solid piece of wood, not two parts coming together. It's s tricky repair method though.