There is an alternative to this which takes a lot less "fitting". Doing it the way shown means 4 bevels and the exact length is required to make it all fit together. In the shop this is do-able, but time consuming. Trying it in the field? Plus joining the beveled 45s together, how?
The simple solution is to cut 45 degree bevels on both sides of the center piece only. It is easy to measure and get right, because the width is exactly the same as the flat back section of the cabinet.
Then you run the "sides" longer, allowing them to go past that long point. You don't need the "pretty" look of the "proper mitered" corners on the outside. It only needs to look correct on the inside. Once installed, the countertop covers this all up anyway, and no one would ever know seeing it from inside the cabinet.
Since you already know the length of that back angled section, you could cut the 45 degree bevels on all of those center back parts while still in the shop, and still do the assembly on-site.